result1 = doSomething1();
result2 = doSomething2(result1);

doSomethingAsync(callback1);
console.log('finished');

// 当 doSomethingAsync 完成时调用
function callback1(error) {
  if (!error) console.log('doSomethingAsync complete');
}

finished
doSomethingAsync complete

doSomethingAsync(error => {
  if (!error) console.log('doSomethingAsync complete');
});

async1((err, res) => {
  if (!err) async2(res, (err, res) => {
    if (!err) async3(res, (err, res) => {
      console.log('async1, async2, async3 complete.');
    });
  });
});

const db = require('database');

// 连接数据库
function asyncDBconnect(param) {

  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {

    db.connect(param, (err, connection) => {
      if (err) reject(err);
      else resolve(connection);
    });

  });

}

// Node.js: 把 fs.readFile promise 化
const
  util = require('util'),
  fs = require('fs'),
  readFileAsync = util.promisify(fs.readFile);

readFileAsync('file.txt');

// promisify 只接收一个函数参数
// 传入的函数接收 (err, data) 参数
function promisify(fn) {
  return function() {
      return new Promise(
        (resolve, reject) => fn(
          ...Array.from(arguments),
        (err, data) => err ? reject(err) : resolve(data)
      )
    );
  }
}

// 举例
function wait(time, callback) {
  setTimeout(() => { callback(null, 'done'); }, time);
}

const asyncWait = promisify(wait);

ayscWait(1000);

asyncDBconnect('http://localhost:1234')
  .then(asyncGetSession)      // 传递 asyncDBconnect 的结果
  .then(asyncGetUser)         // 传递 asyncGetSession 的结果
  .then(asyncLogAccess)       // 传递 asyncGetUser 的结果
  .then(result => {           // 同步函数
    console.log('complete');  //   (传递 asyncLogAccess 的结果)
    return result;            //   (结果传给下一个 .then())
  })
  .catch(err => {             // 任何一个 reject 触发
    console.log('error', err);
  });

function doSomething() {
  doSomething1()
  .then(doSomething2)
  .then(doSomething3)
  .catch(err => {
    console.log(err);
  })
  .finally(() => {
    // 清理操作放这儿！
  });
}

Promise.all([ async1, async2, async3 ])
  .then(values => {           // 返回值的数组
    console.log(values);      // (与函数数组顺序一致)
    return values;
  })
  .catch(err => {             // 任一 reject 被触发
    console.log('error', err);
  });

Promise.race([ async1, async2, async3 ])
  .then(value => {            // 单一值
    console.log(value);
    return value;
  })
  .catch(err => {             // 任一 reject 被触发
    console.log('error', err);
  });

function connect() {

  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {

    asyncDBconnect('http://localhost:1234')
      .then(asyncGetSession)
      .then(asyncGetUser)
      .then(asyncLogAccess)
      .then(result => resolve(result))
      .catch(err => reject(err))

  });
}

// 运行 connect 方法 (自执行方法)
(() => {
  connect();
    .then(result => console.log(result))
    .catch(err => console.log(err))
})();

async function connect() {

  try {
    const
      connection = await asyncDBconnect('http://localhost:1234'),
      session = await asyncGetSession(connection),
      user = await asyncGetUser(session),
      log = await asyncLogAccess(user);

    return log;
  }
  catch (e) {
    console.log('error', err);
    return null;
  }

}

// 运行 connect 方法 (自执行异步函数)
(async () => { await connect(); })();

async function process(array) {
  for (let i of array) {
    await doSomething(i);
  }
}

async function process(array) {
  array.forEach(async i => {
    await doSomething(i);
  });
}

async function process(array) {
  for await (let i of array) {
    doSomething(i);
  }
}

const
  todo = ['a', 'b', 'c'],
  alltodo = todo.map(async (v, i) => {
    console.log('iteration', i);
    await processSomething(v);
});

await Promise.all(alltodo);

async function connect() {

  const
    connection = await asyncDBconnect('http://localhost:1234'),
    session = await asyncGetSession(connection),
    user = await asyncGetUser(session),
    log = await asyncLogAccess(user);

  return true;
}

// 使用高阶函数捕获错误
function catchErrors(fn) {
  return function (...args) {
    return fn(...args).catch(err => {
      console.log('ERROR', err);
    });
  }
}

(async () => {
  await catchErrors(connect)();
})();